Most of the people might be familiar with the term periods. But, it has always been noted that there is a huge difference in the familiarity of the term with its actual meaning or idea.
In scientific terms, the regular discharge of blood and mucusal tissue, also known as menses from the inner lining of uterus through the vagina.
Now, this really too damn scientific.
Let's take a more simple and informal approach here. First it is always safe to assume that the ultimate goal of every species on this planet is to have sex and reproduce. That includes us as well. Therefore the nature has designed a mechanism in our ladies that creates an opportunity for her to get pregnant every month. This opportunity first steps in with her puberty (and I seriously won't be explaining this, as I am well aware you, yes you the reader must have pubic hairs by now) and continues till menopause.
Ofcourse, as stated it's an opportunity every month. The baby's first home i.e. the uterus prepares itself to receive a fertilized-egg (the egg that is screwed by a sperm which was released in a cream-pie) every month. But, cream-pie is not the case every time like duh! No one gets pregnant every month and the egg is left all alone most of the time. Every time this happens, uterus heart is broken and the bleeding starts. The uterus had prepared all the necessary utility that would have been required to nourish the fertilized egg for it to develop in a foetus. But as a fertilized-egg which would have implanted itself on the inner lining of the uterus, is not received, uterus starts shedding it's inner lining with minor bleeding.
This phase between the preparations to the shedding done by the uterus is the actual mensuration or periods.
The overall cycle of a period is taken as 28 days (average). The first day of the cycle is counted when bleeding occurs i.e. when the uterus starts shedding. This bleeding may generally last for 3 to 5 days. Next comes the day 12-16 between which ovulation occurs (i.e. the egg is released from the ovary). You may note that the release of the egg signifies that the uterus has completed all the preparations to receive a fertilized-egg by now. After ovulation the egg waits for the sperm for 24 hours and when no sperm is received the next phase steps in. Now, the uterus starts the process to expel the unfertilized-egg from the female body along with all the preparations it had made. Thus, the next 14 days after the ovulation is spent to prepare the uterus to help expel, which is observed as successful when bleeding starts.
The bleeding again marks the Day 1 of the cycle and the process is repeated.
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